spaces & exchanges 8

Presentation

WW2
Cap. America as propaganda
Sentinels of Liberty
To what extent is Captain America a myth and a hero?
German-Americans during WW2.

• Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria are the three countries where polio is endemic.

"P., A. and N. are the three remaining countries where polio is endemic."

• The campaign to eradicate polio has begun in 1988.

"the global campaign to eradicate polio, which began in 1988, is facing a whole new set of uncertainties." (l.6-7)

• There are two polio viruses that still exist, and a third type has been eradicated last year.

"three poliovirus strains have existed since 1999: wild types 1, 2 and 3." (l.24)

• This document was written in the Washington Post in Jan. 2020.

see last line. It's a fairly recent document.

• Social media in Pakistan created false rumors about vaccination.

Social media in Pakistan has accelerated false rumors about vaccination, leading to waves of refusal by parents." (p. 18-19)

• There were 8 cases in 2017, as compared to 128 today. This increase is a major SETBACK.

"there were only eight cases in 2017, [...] there have been 128 cases of polio in Pakistan in the past year." (p.5-6)

• 2 policemen were killed during a polio vaccination campaign.

two policemen were killed Dec. 18 while on their way to accompany a polio vaccination team [near] Islamabad." (l. 13-14)

homework=all the statements are true. Try and find a quote in the document to prove they are.

Spaces & Exchanges:

- the text was written in the Washington Post, but is about three other countries.

- the vaccination campaign : 

• the vaccination efforts must be widespread. It has to concern thousands of people.
• children are the main target of the campaign.
• "chain of transmission"
• the doctors' teams were protected by police and army.
• there are three types of polio.

Some people don't want vaccination:

• hard-line Islamist forces spread rumors.
• social media spread rumors
• they say the vaccines are contaminated.
• they say the vaccines are part of a Western plot.
• waves of refusal by parents
• some villages blackmail (=font du chantage) vaccination teams to get resources against vaccination.

Cynicism 

Thing to do:

update your understanding of the polio situation throughout the year!